موانع نوآوری نهادی در جوامع در حال توسعه براساس تئوری پیچیدگی
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت استراتژیک
سحر بابائی
1
(استادیار گروه حکمرانی عمومی، دانشکده حکمرانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران، )
اکبر محمدی
2
(استادیار گروه مدیریت تکنولوژی، موسسه مطالعات و پژوهش های بازرگانی، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: تئوری پیچیدگی نوآوری نهادی موانع نهاد,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه با توجه به سرعت تغییرات نوآوری و فناوری در محیط کسب و کار و فضای حکمرانی، تدوین سیاست‌های مناسب نیز برای حاکمیت با پیچیدگی‌هایی روبرو شده است. به تناسب این رشد و سرعت تغییرات حاکم نیز نیاز به هوشمندی متداول و تغییرات نهادی متناسب بسیار کلیدی خواهد بود. براساس پیچیدگی های موجود، نهادسازی و نوآوری نهادی از مهمترین اقداماتی است که جوامع گوناگون برای نظم بخشیدن به کارکردها و دستیابی به اهداف خاص انجام می دهند. در جوامع در حال توسعه با توجه به کژکارکردی-ها و ضعف هایی که دارد، نوآوری نهادی با مقاومت ها و مشکلات زیادی روبرو است. شناخت این موانع می تواند در پیش بینی اقدامات تکمیلی نوآوری نهادی در جهت اجرایی شدن آنها کمک کننده باشد و هدف این پژوهش متوجه شناسایی این موانع می باشد. در این پژوهش براساس مطالعات کتابخانه ای و تشکیل گروه کانونی برای جمع آوری داده ها استفاده شده و با روش تحلیل محتوا، موانع نوآوری نهادی احصاء شده است. در نهایت با نگاه تئوری پیچیدگی، موانع نوآوری نهادی در سه دسته دانایی، عزم و اراده، و قابلیت شناسایی شدند که با توجه به یکسان نبودن دیدگاه سیاست گذاران و مجریان، این موانع از دیدگاه این دو ذینفع اصلی جداگانه احصاء شده و مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند.
Today, due to the rapid changes in innovation and technology in the business and governance environment, the design of appropriate governance policies has faced complexities. In proportion to this growth, the prevailing changes will also require common intelligence and proportionate institutional changes. Based on the existing complexities, Institutionalization and Institutional Innovation is one of the most important measures taken by different societies to regulate functions and achieve specific goals. These institutions are sometimes completely new and innovative, and sometimes are modifications of previous institutions that can all be categorized as institutional innovation with a wide range. In developing societies, due to its dysfunctions and weaknesses, institutional innovation faces many obstacles and problems. Recognition of these barriers can be helpful in predicting complementary institutional innovation measures for their implementation, and the purpose of this study is to identify these barriers. In this study, field studies and interviews with focus group were used to collect data, and by content analysis method, institutional innovation barriers were counted, and finally, based on complexity theory, the results of the research were validated. Obstacles to institutional innovation were identified in three categories: knowledge, determination, and capability. Due to the inequality of policy makers and implementers, these barriers were counted separately from the perspectives of these two main stakeholders.
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