بررسی تأثیر محیط نهادی بر درک مطلوبیت و درک امکانپذیری کارآفرینی اجتماعی و اثر آن بر قصد کارآفرینی اجتماعی دانشجویان رشتههای مهندسی دانشگاههای اهواز
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت تحقیق و توسعهمهدی نداف 1 * , شادی جلدانی 2 , سارا محمدی 3
1 - دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
2 - دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
3 - دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز
کلید واژه: درک امکانپذیریدرک مطلوبیتقصد کارآفرینی اجتماعیمحیط نهادی,
چکیده مقاله :
کارآفرینی اجتماعی، ایجاد راهحلهای نوآورانه به منظور رفع مشکلات اجتماعی و بسیج ایدهها، ظرفیتها، منابع و مقررات اجتماعی مورد نیاز برای تغییرات اجتماعی است. شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر قصد کارآفرینی اجتماعی میتواند منجر به توسعه کارآفرینی اجتماعی گردد. از طرفی قصد و رفتار کارآفرینانه افراد متأثر از محیط پیرامون آنهاست، با این وجود در اکثر مطالعات کارآفرینی به اهمیت نقش محیط در شکلگیری کارآفرینی اجتماعی کمتر پرداخته شده است؛ بنابراین، در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تأثیر محیط نهادی بر درک مطلوبیت و درک امکانپذیری کارآفرینی اجتماعی و اثر آن بر قصد کارآفرینی اجتماعی پرداخته میشود. این پژوهش از نوع توصیفی-همبستگی است، جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل نمونهای متشکل از 351 دانشجوی مهندسی که در سه دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز و دانشگاه پیامنور اهواز مشغول به تحصیل بودند، میباشد. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه را گروهی از خبرگان و پایایی آن نیز با ضریب آلفای کرونباخ بررسی و مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان میدهد که درک مطلوبیت و درک امکانپذیری کارآفرینی اجتماعی بر قصد کارآفرینی اجتماعی تأثیر معنیدار و مثبتی دارد. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد محیط قانونی، هنجاری و شناختی تأثیر معنیدار و مثبتی بر درک امکانپذیری و درک مطلوبیت کارآفرینی اجتماعی دارند. نتایج نشان داد محیط نهادی بهطور غیرمستقیم و از طریق درک مطلوبیت و درک امکانپذیری بر قصد کارآفرینی اجتماعی تأثیر دارد.
Social entrepreneurship is the process of creating innovative solutions for solving social problems and mobilizing the ideas, capacities, resources, and social provisions required for social changes. One of the things that can lead to the development of social entrepreneurship is the identification of factors influencing the intention of social entrepreneurship. On the other hand, institutional environment influences entrepreneurial intention and behavior. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of the institutional environment on social entrepreneurship intentions and it's on feasibility and desirability in social entrepreneurship. In this descriptive-based study, data is gathered by a questionnaire filled by 351 engineering students. The content validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. The construct validity and reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. Structural equation modelling showed feasibility and desirability social entrepreneurship had significant positive effects on entrepreneurial intentions. The perceptions of the institutional environment indirectly related to entrepreneurial intentions via feasibility and desirability. Also, Regulatory, normative, and cognitive environment had significant positive effects on the perception of the feasibility and desirability of the social entrepreneurship.
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