Describing philosophical foundations and the assumptions of science role in the knowledge production and problem- solving methodologies and methods in the branches of industrial engineering
Subject Areas :
1 - عضو هیات علمی
Keywords: Philosophical Foundations , Paradigm , Methodology, Industrial Engineering, Systems Engineering,
Abstract :
The structure of human knowledge in the fields of humanities and social sciences, including management as a discipline, consists of philosophical assumptions and foundations, scientific principles and theories, and the and practical achievements for solving problems. The philosophical foundations of every knowledge are conventionally composed of elements of value, epistemology, ontology, anthropology, and methodology, which are referred to as the components of scientific paradigm. The new philosophy trend in the recent centuries, has shifted from the positivist paradigm to critical and interpretative paradigms, and is shaped into the context of the postmodern paradigm, the pragmatism tradition, and the complexity theory. Each of the above scientific paradigms has foundations in values, epistemology, ontology, anthropology, methodology and its own research methods. This means that today's knowledge in each field, due to the effects of each conventional philosophy of science paradigms, has led to the production of different scientific principles and theories and the distinctive applied achievements. So, opinions and ideas of the thinkers in each field are different. The shifting paradigm from positivism to interpretativeism not only has contributed to the fields of humanities and social sciences, but also effects the fields of science and engineering, such as, the emergence of fuzzy logic along with mathematical logic in the field of basic sciences, quantum mechanics view alongside Newtonian mechanics in the field of engineering. In this paper, we seek to recognize the knowledge developments roots in the branches of industrial engineering, such as the development of "hard operations research", " soft operations research " and "hard systems to soft systems thinking" and "statistical quality control" To "Total Quality Management". Under the influence of paradigmatic changes, developments have taken place in other branches of knowledge forming the industrial engineering as an interdisciplinary scientific discipline for the future. We also examine the systemic methods paradigmatic foundations influenced by the above paradigms and examine how to influence the methods of analysis and problem-solving methods with respect to the differences in their basics, philosophies and paradigms.
1] آذر، عادل، خسروانی، فرزانه، جلالی، رضا, تحقیق درعملیات نرم، رویکردهای ساختاردهی مسئله. انتشارات سازمان مدیریت صنعتی؛ چاپ دوم، تهران, 1395.
[2] J. Mingers, “A classification of the philosophical assumptions of management science methods,” J. Oper. Res. Soc., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 559–570, 2003.
[3] علی احمدی علی رضا، سعید نهائی، وحید, منتخبی از کتاب توصیفی جامع ازروشهای تحقیق. انتشارات تولید دانش، تهران, 1387.
[4] وحیدی، امین, روش شناسی ترکیبی سیستمی براساس مدل سیستمی مانا وپویایی های سیستم. انتشارات موجک، تهران, 1395.
[5] J. P. Van Gigch, “Design of the modern inquiring system,” Syst. Res., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 357–361, 1988.
[6] J. Mingers, “The Contribution of Systemic Thought to Critical Realism,” J. Crit. Realis., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 303–330, 2011.
[7] دانایی فرد، حسن, تئوری سازمان: مدرن، نمادین تفسیری و پست مدرن. نشر مهربان، تهران, 1389.
[8] محمد پور، احمد, روش در روش، درباره ساخت معرفت درعلوم انسانی. انتشارات جامعه شناسان، تهران, 1389.
[9] علی احمدی، علی رضا، فرهادی نهاد، رومینا, فلسفه علم و پارادایمهای تحقیق درعلوم انسانی – اجتماعی. انتشارات تولید دانش، تهران, 1396.
[10] بوریل، گیبون، مورگان, نظریه‌های کلان جامعه شناختی و تجزیه و تحلیل سازمان, ترجمه محمد. انتشارات سمت، تهران چاپ جهارم., 1391.
[11] L. Van Dyk, “The Philosophy - Tool Continuum: Providing Structure To Industrial Engineering Concepts,” South African J. Ind. Eng. Vol 12, No 1, 2012.
[12] - ملکی، محمدحسن, “آینده پژوهی تحقیق درعملیات براساس بررسی محتوایی مسائل تصمیم گیری,” دانشگاه تهران, 1392.