کارآفرینی

Open Access Article

1 - Evaluation of entrepreneurship specifications: The case of Saman Bank employees
پيمان اخوان محمدرضا زاهدی تکتم ژیان

Considering the importance of maintaining process in global markets and the today's world competitive field, innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship organizations generally and in financial organizations such as Banks specially, can have a significant role in receiv More

Considering the importance of maintaining process in global markets and the today's world competitive field, innovation, creativity and entrepreneurship organizations generally and in financial organizations such as Banks specially, can have a significant role in receiving to the economic goals, therefore it seems necessary that each organization tries to examine and recognize the entrepreneurship qualifications of its employees, so by training this labor and persisting proper approach, can reach to the entrepreneurship process. Therefore, this study gets to through evaluating entrepreneurship qualifications of bank employees in dependency, and creativity will and determination, risk taking, success) in respect of the rate of having these qualification. Other objects of this study is determining the effects of employees sex marital state ,record of work and place of work on their entrepreneurship ,statistical population includes 110 employees of SAMAN bank and sample size of the research is 85 person who were chosen by casually sampling. For collecting data entrepreneurship comprehensive test questioning has been used which includes 54 questions about entrepreneurship qualifications stability and validity.co-efficient of the above said questioner is 71 percent. Statistics analysis has been done using SPSS software. In this research, we explored the level of the personnel entrepreneurship qualifications of SAMAN bank employees, so that this can be an introduction for the organization to progress through the entrepreneurship activities. The result of this research shows that although SAMAN bank s employees don’t have the necessary minimum for being entrepreneurship, but 22 percent of them are qualified for entrepreneurship. Also SAMAN bank employees, don’t have the average of dependency, creativity, and risk taking. The number of female employees in respect of having the dependency qualifications is more than male employees and, men who have risking (risk taking) and success qualifications are more than woman. In the case of creativity the number of both groups is the same. Furthermore, the results show that the employees' sex, marital status and place of services have no influence on entrepreneurship between records of work of the employees and their entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

2 - Design and offering conceptual model of investigation impact of strategic entrepreneurship on strategic innovation in knowledge-based firms of Bushehr provience
fakhrieh Hamidianpour mahboobe shafiei مریم دهقانی

Market's condition is changeable and this condition force businesses to adopt themselves with new situation, technology and value propositions. In the today competitive environment, organizations try to imitate innovation from competitors, so innovation and continuous i More

Market's condition is changeable and this condition force businesses to adopt themselves with new situation, technology and value propositions. In the today competitive environment, organizations try to imitate innovation from competitors, so innovation and continuous improvement is necessary for success of organizations, therefore strategic innovation is an important issue. Strategic innovation is about creation of new markets and leaps in customer value and reshaping the existing markets to achieve value improvements for customers. On the other hand, strategic entrepreneurship results from the integration of entrepreneurship and strategic management knowledge. Objective of strategic entrepreneurship is making continuous competitive advantages that lead to wealth creation. In this paper, first we introduce the concept of strategic innovation and strategic entrepreneurship, then explain the conceptual model of strategic entrepreneurship impact on strategic innovation. Statistical society of this research, is knowledge-based companies of Science and technology park of Boushehr. According to the results obtained from testing this model, the main hypothesis of this study confirm that the result shows a positive and significant relationship between strategic entrepreneurship and strategic innovation in the organization. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

3 - Entrepreneurial approach, the dominant approach to creating strategies In Iranian Successful companies
Seyed Mahmoud Hosseini Bahman Hajipour hooshang nezamivand chegini

Identifying pure and favorable strategies is one of the main concerns of managers and leaders in organizations and this managerial issue has become an important field for research. Many scholars in strategic management field have tried to provide multiple approaches or More

Identifying pure and favorable strategies is one of the main concerns of managers and leaders in organizations and this managerial issue has become an important field for research. Many scholars in strategic management field have tried to provide multiple approaches or styles for strategy formation in the organizations. An effective way to identify strategy formation approach is to investigate how successful organizations are directed and lead. In this way, the reliable methods of strategy formation can be achieved by investigation of the organizations. This paper presents the result of a wide study on strategy formation approaches in Iranian organizations. Firstly, using taxonomical statistic method, five successful companies among 29 companies from various industries were selected as a result of their first ranking in their industrial groups during 2011-2013. To do this, six performance indices including asset returns, profit margin, human productivity, market share and sale rate, and profit growth rate were employed. Through the identification of the companies, their revolution trends were examined and the most important strategies leading to their success were determined. Finally, using a questionnaire and a sample of 150 top and middle managers of the surveyed organizations, their strategy formation approaches were identified. Entrepreneurial approach in strategy formation was more effective than formal approach or strategic planning, strategic venturing approach, and strategic learning approach. In some organizations, a combination of two approaches, namely strategic planning approach and entrepreneurial approach were utilized to formulate their strategies. Hence, it is obvious that among investigated companies, this is entrepreneurial approach that can be considered as reliable to formulate successful strategies. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

4 - An Integrated DEMATEL and Fuzzy ANP Techniques Based Assessment Model For Intrapreneurship with Approach EFQM
Kazem Nasiri Kashani Fazlolah Jamalou Leila Kiani

In today's world, quick changes have varied the competition and also have faced organizational stakeholders with world’s challenges. In this turbulence environment, Intrapreneurship is functionality that can save today's systems as a new phenomenon in the economy at thi More

In today's world, quick changes have varied the competition and also have faced organizational stakeholders with world’s challenges. In this turbulence environment, Intrapreneurship is functionality that can save today's systems as a new phenomenon in the economy at this critical period and play a more active role in economic development. Today, business excellence models also have an important role to deploy the key factors of organizational success and make performance improvements. These models provide the assessment criteria in both enablers and results and make guidelines for organizations to measure their progress and performance in the field of quality and organizational excellence. So it allows creating the needed infrastructure and capabilities for Intrapreneurship based on the EFQM Excellence Model. Therefore, after identifying the effective factors of implementation Intrapreneurship, these features are classified due to their nature at four main criteria include "leadership", "Policy and Strategy", "employees" and "partnerships, resources and processes" that all of them are the enablers of the EFQM model. This paper presents an analytical modeling method that makes practicable a qualitative relationship between the elements of Intrapreneurship. We used the integrated approach of fuzzy Dematel and fuzzy modeling network analysis to determine the relationship and weight relative importance of each element in model. The results indicated “leadership” at the main criteria level has the most highly effect and “employees” has the most important coefficient. Also "senior management support" has the highest importance coefficient and highly effect in the sub-criteria. In this study we presented individual entrepreneurs and Intrapreneurship assessment model that is a comprehensive model and can be used in different organizations and finally we evaluated this model in Iran Power Development Company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

5 - ارزيابي عوامل موثر در تحقق سازمان دولتي كارآفرين ( مطالعه موردي سازمان استاندارد و تحقيقات صنعتي ايران)
siamak noori Mohammad Mahdavi Mazde

Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

6 - An Integrated DEMATEL and Fuzzy ANP Techniques Based Assessment Model For Intrapreneurship with Approach EFQM

In today's world, quick changes have varied the competition and also have faced organizational stakeholders with world’s challenges. In this turbulence environment, Intrapreneurship is functionality that can save today's systems as a new phenomenon in the economy at thi More

In today's world, quick changes have varied the competition and also have faced organizational stakeholders with world’s challenges. In this turbulence environment, Intrapreneurship is functionality that can save today's systems as a new phenomenon in the economy at this critical period and play a more active role in economic development. Today, business excellence models also have an important role to deploy the key factors of organizational success and make performance improvements. These models provide the assessment criteria in both enablers and results and make guidelines for organizations to measure their progress and performance in the field of quality and organizational excellence. So it allows creating the needed infrastructure and capabilities for Intrapreneurship based on the EFQM Excellence Model. Therefore, after identifying the effective factors of implementation Intrapreneurship, these features are classified due to their nature at four main criteria include "leadership", "Policy and Strategy", "employees" and "partnerships, resources and processes" that all of them are the enablers of the EFQM model. This paper presents an analytical modeling method that makes practicable a qualitative relationship between the elements of Intrapreneurship. We used the integrated approach of fuzzy Dematel and fuzzy modeling network analysis to determine the relationship and weight relative importance of each element in model. The results indicated “leadership” at the main criteria level has the most highly effect and “employees” has the most important coefficient. Also "senior management support" has the highest importance coefficient and highly effect in the sub-criteria. In this study we presented individual entrepreneurs and Intrapreneurship assessment model that is a comprehensive model and can be used in different organizations and finally we evaluated this model in Iran Power Development Company. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

7 - Developing and explaining of the performance enhancing model of company based on the effective components of intellectual capital and organization entrepreneurship
mirza hasan hosseini Aliakbar Jowkar Zynolabdin Rahmani Elham Keshavarz

According to importance of subject, the aim of this study is to evaluate and rank factors of intellectual capital and organization entrepreneurship that aims to improve the performance of corporation. Therefore, after reviewing the literature and interviews with profess More

According to importance of subject, the aim of this study is to evaluate and rank factors of intellectual capital and organization entrepreneurship that aims to improve the performance of corporation. Therefore, after reviewing the literature and interviews with professors and coil industry experts, intellectual capital, organization entrepreneurship and firm performance factors were identified. After designing and distributing questionnaires among coil industry experts, priority and importance of each of these factors with using Fuzzy TOPSIS, FAHP, vikor, ELECTRE were evaluated. According to the results of the above methods in cases not compatible with each other, to achieve the overall ranking of integration methods (POSET) that includes: rating average method, Borda method, Copeland method and integration phase (POSET) has been used. The results obtained from FAHP method, according to the company's performance improvement indicate that the net profit is the most important subcategory of the factors affecting corporate performance improvement; competitive advantages, customer retention, market value of the company; innovation capacity and volume of transaction are at ranking highest respectively. The results obtained from FAHP method indicate that organization entrepreneurship is more significant than intellectual capital of the factors affecting corporate performance improvement. Different Ratings have offered for intellectual capital and sub-scales of Human capital, Structural Capital, Relational Capital, Innovation Capital and Customer Capital factors. To reach a consensus, it was used in the ranking of integration (POSET) method and based on integration (POSET) method is most important factors of intellectual capital that helps to improve company performance improvement in order of importance include: Human capital, Structural Capital, Relational Capital, Innovation Capital, Customer Capital factors and also, the most important factors of Human capital, Structural Capital, Relational Capital, Innovation Capital, Customer Capital regarding to company performance improvement in order of importance Include: Leadership ability, Employees’ competence, Employees’ experience, Employees’ creativity, Individual-level knowledge, Customer satisfaction, Motivation of the personnel, Customer loyalty, Employees’ attitude, Organizational structure, Staff’s experience, Organizational learning, Marketing capability, Databases, Management system, Use of knowledge, Strategically values, Operation process, Information system, Corporate culture, Brand value, Mission-vision, Relationship with suppliers and competitors, Size of organization, Innovation culture, Relationship with other organization, Market intensity, Company lifecycle, Customer appropriateness, Innovation mechanism and Innovation achievements. based on integration (POSET) method is most important factors of organization entrepreneurship that helps to improve company performance improvement in order of importance include: structural factors, underlying factors, behavioral factors and also, the most important factors of structural factors, underlying factors, behavioral factors regarding to company performance improvement in order of importance Include: Entrepreneur organization structure, Entrepreneur organization strategy. Reward system, Political/ governmental factors, Decision making/control, Infrastructure, Organizational culture, Management Support, Communications, Financial system , Availability to resource, Technology, Performance evaluation system, Uncertainty/ changes, Employee empowerment, Information system , Complexity, Research and development system , Risk Taking, Market, Employee's characteristics , Team spirit, Manager characteristics, Foresight , Self-Efficacy ,Creativity and innovation, Previous experience and Entrepreneur Organization leadership style Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

8 - Prioritizing Entrepreneurship he main ports of the North region of the IRAN based on vital technology as one of methods of the forecasting models
حسین صاحبی Parvaneh Gelard

In today's business world, organizations and businesses that focus on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial people can guarantee their survival in the market and to compete with other domestic and foreign competitors pay. Port maritime organization as a marine sector in More

In today's business world, organizations and businesses that focus on entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial people can guarantee their survival in the market and to compete with other domestic and foreign competitors pay. Port maritime organization as a marine sector in the country, holding a large part of the economy of this area as well. Which should be in line with the global movement of entrepreneurship, to survive and maintain its competitive position with other ports in neighboring countries to begin a great movement. In this regard, the present study, three main port of the aforementioned in the north of the country (the ports of Anzali, Noshahr and Amirabad) in this respect were studied using library research, interviews with experts and set questionnaire containing 94 questions out of 30 was performed and the scores derived from each attribute, evaluating and prioritizing of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs in ascending order based on the average scores and rankings took three ports of the entrepreneurial aspects via critical technology method. The results showed that, among all the studied ports, Anzali port, total entrepreneurial indices are within the critical range of the designed matrix. However, the relationship between entrepreneurial indices and the success rate of ports in creating jobs should be examined in future. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

9 - Transformational Leadership and Development of Marketing Capabilities: Explaining the Mediating Role of Strategic Orientations of Market and Entrepreneurship Orientation
iman hakimi

Strategic orientations are considered as a combination of resources, behavioral patterns, and value points of a company in the market to provide products and services tailored to the market. On the other h&, the need for continuous organizational change in a dynamic and More

Strategic orientations are considered as a combination of resources, behavioral patterns, and value points of a company in the market to provide products and services tailored to the market. On the other h&, the need for continuous organizational change in a dynamic and changing environment today is the presence of transformational leaders. Due to the increasing attention given to leadership in creating change and organizational performance around the world, this study tries to examine the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational performance by mediating the strategic orientations of entrepreneurship and market orientation, from the perspective of senior executives of small & medium enterprises In the food industry of Kerman Province in the first six months of 2017. The data gathering tool was questionnaire & data analysis was done by using LISREL and PLS softwares. The results show that transformational leadership has significant effect on both market and entrepreneurial tendencies; but evidence suggests a lack of support for the mediating role of market orientation in the relationship between transformational leadership & marketing capabilities; and confirming the indirect impact of transformational leadership on developing marketing capabilities & performance improvement merely through the entrepreneurship orientation in our studied businesses. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

10 - Exploring of Opportunity Identification Process in Corporate of Converging Technologies
Mohammad hashemi Ali Mobini Dehkordi Mohammad Reza Meigounpoory kamal sakhdari

In the present era, technological innovation is a key factor in the development and advancement of societies, and technological entrepreneurship is recognized as the main source of disruptive innovation through identifying and effectively exploiting technological opport More

In the present era, technological innovation is a key factor in the development and advancement of societies, and technological entrepreneurship is recognized as the main source of disruptive innovation through identifying and effectively exploiting technological opportunities. Given the emerging concept of "convergence" in high technologies and novel opportunities resulting from that, it is necessary to recognize the various dimensions of this phenomenon, especially the process of identifying opportunities, as the first and most fundamental step of the technological entrepreneurship process. This research is based on the epistemology of "interpretiveism" and it is exploratory and based on literature on Entrepreneurial opportunities, technological corporate entrepreneurship, interdisciplinary studies and convergent technologies. In this research, the unit of analysis, is the "opportunity identification process" and the level of analysis, is "organization" and the concept of "convergence" as the dominant approach to research has been considered. Also, the research method is qualitative and research strategy, is a multiple case study. The collection of research data has been done through a semi-structured interview and observation of archival documents. The results of the research indicate the great importance of factors such as interdisciplinary understanding, interdisciplinary absorptive capacity, and the type of human capital in the process of identifying opportunities in active companies in the field of converging technologies Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

11 - Managerial Dynamic Capabilities and international technological entrepreneurship: International Opportunity recognition and Exploitation by Information technology Start-Ups
Mohammad Hasan Mobaraki Jahangir Yadollahi Farsi Yadollahi Farsi Ali Mobini Dehkordi

The recognition and exploitation of international technological opportunities is the fundamental process is in the international technological entrepreneurship. Because of the radical changes in the high and advanced technologies related to the information technology , More

The recognition and exploitation of international technological opportunities is the fundamental process is in the international technological entrepreneurship. Because of the radical changes in the high and advanced technologies related to the information technology , Dynamic capability is one of the important factors for IT based start-ups in the successful international value creation .this concept is under researched . For this purpose this study investigated managerial dynamic capability role in the international opportunities exploitation by IT based start-ups. By using multiple case study methodology and conducting 12 semi structured interviews with Iranian IT sector start-ups who participated in the international markets and analysing the qualitative data, the study show that managerial dynamic capability have the important role to foster international Technological entrepreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

12 - Effect of Human resource management practice on Intrapreneurship with mediating role on as a Employee Empowerment
Hamideh Jamadi Majid Esmaeilpour fakhrieh Hamidianpour

Background: Nowadays different social systems are facing complex and developmental challenges, changes are happening very fast and new forms of conflict are appearing. One of the approaches used by organizations to deal with increasing challenges is entrepreneurship. En More

Background: Nowadays different social systems are facing complex and developmental challenges, changes are happening very fast and new forms of conflict are appearing. One of the approaches used by organizations to deal with increasing challenges is entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship in an organization is the result of effective management in the company. Objective: A study on the effect of Human resource management practice on the Intrapreneurship with its as a mediating role on for Employee Empowerment. Methodology: The methodology used in this research is practical and data collection is descriptive _ survey based. Statistical Population includes state company managers and supervisors located in the city of Bushehr and random sampling selection is used. 163 surveys were collected. In order to the literature of the research and to design the utility model; in data collection, the researcher has used libraries method and used internet scientific search engine and based on that, the theoretical foundation for the project is prepared. At last, the questionnaire which is some sort of the whole five-item Likert approach is used. Findings: As a whole 15 project hypotheses, two hypotheses weren’t approved and the rest are at the level of 95 percent assurance and given the reported statistical scale t, critical level of 1/96 was approved. Conclusion: The results show that compensation, practical management, instruction and work relationships with its role as a medium for the competency, meaning and impact the Intrapreneurship, even though employment and self-determination won’t influence the variable Intrapreneurship. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

13 - The Roles of Technological Entrepreneurs in Technological Entrepreneurship Ecosystem
AmirMahdi Maysami Ghanbar Mohammadi Elyasi Seyyed Reza Hejazi Ali Mobini Dehkordi

Technological entrepreneurship ecosystem (TEE) is comprised of various elements and complex relations that all interact with each other to enable the creation and growth of technological entrepreneurship. The technological entrepreneur, as the main constituent of this e More

Technological entrepreneurship ecosystem (TEE) is comprised of various elements and complex relations that all interact with each other to enable the creation and growth of technological entrepreneurship. The technological entrepreneur, as the main constituent of this ecosystem, should possess specific characteristics and also must perform particular roles. Despite the importance of (tech) entrepreneur in the (technological) entrepreneurship ecosystem, we are facing with the lack of comprehensive and robust literature in this domain. The aim of this research is to identify and explain various roles of tech-entrepreneurs in the relevant ecosystem. In this path, we adopted a constructivist approach of grounded theory, conducted in-depth interviews and analyzed secondary sources. Totally, we analyzed 27 cases of technological entrepreneurship process that ended in the identification of 14 specific roles in three groups. First, the principal roles which are research & development, market analysis, and resource mobilization. Second, the supporting roles such as networking, incident monitoring, and cooperation with technical experts. Third, the general (contextual) roles like building trust, and proper interactions with other elements of the ecosystem. These roles which based on their nature are in relation and interaction with other elements of the ecosystem, can enhance the related literature of entrepreneurship ecosystem and also lead the actions of technological entrepreneurs. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

14 - The concept of Urban Entrepreneurship with grounded Theory aproach (case study:Tehran city)
mina shahamat nejad babak ziyae Majid Ashrafi Fereydoon Azma

The objective of this research is the design of a development process of urban entrepreneurship in workingwomen in Tehran city. The current research has a qualitative approach and utilizes the theory based on data. After selecting 14 outstanding urban entrepreneurs an More

The objective of this research is the design of a development process of urban entrepreneurship in workingwomen in Tehran city. The current research has a qualitative approach and utilizes the theory based on data. After selecting 14 outstanding urban entrepreneurs and woman using targeted sampling and semi-structured interviews, the data ware acquired. Then analyzed in three stages of selective, axial and open coding, leading to the identification of 4 main branches with 41 sub-branches. The results verify that the main aspects of the development model of urban entrepreneurship consists of causal factors (no discrimination, Family support, social values and norms, Religion and beliefs, establishment of supporting laws, Securing Women, development of technical and professional education,Provision of facilities and Promotion of entrepreneurial culture, Infrastructures, Methods and processes and Social innovations), the intervening factors(support of the public and private sectors, presence of media,System of education,Fixes barriers and permissions, community associations, External incentives,Support for new ideas and ideas, Parallel support services,Economic fluctuations,Social capital and Marketing services and promotions) and contextual conditions(Entrepreneurial behavior,Trust and Belief in Women's Ability, Experience and skill Inner encouragement, culture of the society, supervision and assessment, supportive statutory laws for ladies, Coordination between women, Network and communication skills and people) By shaping the policies and organizing educational plans, training courses, and empowering of women, as well as establishment of supportive units for the development, identification of the opportunities, Developing Protective Rules,Training and development of entrepreneurs and stability of the economy, the abovementioned factors might lead to a cultural, social and economic development, employment of women, motivation and tendency towards entrepreneurship, investment security and initiation and development of entrepreneurship among women. The outcomes of this research, improve the knowledge of researches in this area with regard to the objectives, challenges and consequences of the development model of entrepreneurship for workingwomen. Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

15 - Scientometrics and content analysis of research in the field of organizational entrepreneurship from the perspective of individual and group entrepreneurship in the organization
Hossain Sahebi Hamideh Reshadatjoo Mohammad Aboie Ardakan

Addressing corporate entrepreneurship has grown significantly in recent years and is known to be an important factor affecting success of an organisation. Nevertheless, the importance of the subject and research in this field, especially in domestic research, is neglect More

Addressing corporate entrepreneurship has grown significantly in recent years and is known to be an important factor affecting success of an organisation. Nevertheless, the importance of the subject and research in this field, especially in domestic research, is neglected and there is a wide disagreement in this field. This research has been done by scientometric method, and by using the method of citation analysis, evaluation technique and content analysis of documents; It intends to review studies in the field of corporate entrepreneurship and systematize past research to provide a conceptual model using content analysis of documents. The statistical cumulation of this research includes all the documents presented in the Scopus database with 1325 documents, including articles, books, etc. until 2019. Which is done using Bibexcle and VOSviewer software evaluation and illustration. Based on the content analysis of the documents; Research in the field of "corporate entrepreneurship from the perspective of individual and team entrepreneurship in the organization" is divided into four general sections. The first part of the research related to the pillars of corporate entrepreneurship includes innovation, strategic renewing, and business within the organization. The second part is related to individual entrepreneurship in the organization that concerns entrepreneurial orientation, motivation, ideation and creativity, work experience, acquisition Knowledge and skills development are highlited. The third part is related to team entrepreneurship in the organization, topics such as organizational recruiting capacity, independence, awarding system and effective behavior were identified in the process. The fourth and final part deals with motivating corporate entrepreneurship. It includes factors such as institutional, structural, managerial and environmental Manuscript profile

Open Access Article

16 - presentation of a Structural Model for Entrepreneurial Personality traits of employees Based on the managers' power sources (Case Study of the government departments in West Azarbaijan Province)
yusef beighzadeh farhad mahbobkhah

The present study is an attempt to provide a structural model for Entrepreneurial Personality traits of employees based on the managers' power sources in government departments of West Azarbaijan province. The present study is applied in terms of objective and descript More

The present study is an attempt to provide a structural model for Entrepreneurial Personality traits of employees based on the managers' power sources in government departments of West Azarbaijan province. The present study is applied in terms of objective and descriptive-correlational in terms of data collection and analysis methods. The population of the study includes all managers and employees of government departments in West Azarbaijan province. Due to the unlimited number of statistical population, the researcher selected a sample above the last level of the Morgan table through stratified random sampling. Hinkin and Shirykhm Power scale (1989) and an Entrepreneurial Personality trait Questionnaire derived from the standard questionnaires of Darham Center for Entrepreneurship were used for data collection purposes. Validity and reliability of the questionnaires were verified using relevant tests. Structural equations modeling based on partial least squares was used to analyze the data and reach the structural model. The results of the structural model showed that the authorities’ power sources and expertise of managers have a direct and significant effect on prediction of the employees’ Entrepreneurial Personality traits and the proposed model is well fitted. Manuscript profile

Current Issue

Published Issues

Menu

Browse

List of Articles کارآفرینی